by Volunteer Nurse Practitioner and Diabetes Educator, Kim Hall

Dr. Jackie and PA Volunteer, Joyce, meeting with a patient during Diabetes clinic

Diabetes (mostly type 2) is on the rise in Africa with an estimated 15 million plus cases in 2017 (up from 14 million in 2015), and there are approximately one million documented cases in Tanzania according to the World Diabetes Federation.  Experts predict that only about 1/3 of cases have been identified, implying that as many as 3 million cases of type 2 diabetes exist in Tanzania.   The costs of the severe complications that can arise when type 2 diabetes goes untreated far outweigh the cost of treatment and efforts for prevention.

Kim and members of "TEAM SISI"

Given these alarming statistics, I am happy to report that the FAME Diabetes/Chronic Disease Clinic continues to build steam! My favorite time at FAME is spent working with the fabulous staff, especially of “TEAM SISI,” the self-proclaimed name of the diabetes team formed during my March FAME visit.  SISI means “us” in Kiswahili and is a clear indicator of the spirit of teamwork, which continues to prevail in this dedicated multidisciplinary team.   The diabetes/chronic care clinic was launched by the TEAM with the help of Dr. Michael Zimmerman in April, 2018, with enthusiastic patient participation from the start.  The SISI team continues to assist patients with self-management of diabetes and hypertension at FAME.

Anecdotally there are several success stories and informal reports of high patient satisfaction and reported positive behavior changes.  A favorite is of a honey farmer who heavily used his own product, reporting marked thirst associated with his high blood sugars, which he quenched with a case of coke weekly.  Changing these two behaviors, and resuming medications which he had run out of, brought his sugars down from over 500 to under 100 in one week! FAME also intends to begin gathering more formal data by documenting improved outcomes and instituting patient exit surveys to continue to reach and teach this population.

I left a piece of my heart at FAME when I first visited it in 2015. When I came back to reclaim it in 2018, I left more of it there instead.  Thanks to all the great FAME staff for taking good care of it, until I return next time!

In late 2017, we received an amazingly generous donation from a longtime FAME volunteer!  During her stay with us she noted FAME’s need for more robust monitoring equipment. With a growing number of emergencies finding their way to our ER, increasing numbers of high acuity patients in our general ward, and a rapidly expanding surgery program inspired her to do what she could to help us help our patients. Her gift enabled us to purchase additional and much needed state-of-the-art monitoring equipment. We received 4 bedside monitors to help with continuous monitoring of patients -- finally arriving this past July! The monitors are now up and running and strategically located in our Recovery Room, Small Procedure Room, Emergency Room, and Inpatient Ward.  These invaluable pieces of equipment are helping our doctors and nurses provide a superior level of health management for our patients who need close observation and continuous monitoring. When the equipment arrived on campus, a trainer arrived along with it, orienting our staff on how to properly use the machines for patient care. As soon as they were installed, our doctors and nurses were putting them to good use! We want to express our sincerest thanks to our volunteers for their continuous support and for embracing our mission to advance patient-centered care in rural Tanzania!

By Volunteer Dr. Apple

Dr. Apple and Dr. Badyana with their patient

Afternoon clinic was winding down on the quiet Saturday afternoon, when a young woman was wheeled into Dr. Badyana’s office.  “Oh, this is not good,” was my immediate thought.  The patient before us had extreme swelling of her face, neck and upper chest and was not able to swallow anything, including her own saliva.  The patient’s mother quickly provided a history of her daughter starting with dental pain and some swelling three weeks prior.  She had received antibiotics from two other hospitals, but her condition progressively worsened.  The patient had a history of diabetes, controlled by her diet, but there had been no recent testing. 

Our examination and a bedside ultrasound performed by Dr. Badyana confirmed a diagnosis of an extensive oral infection spread to the tissues of the face, neck and upper chest, a rather rare condition called Ludwig’s Angina.  A very serious and potentially lethal condition, the patient needed immediate surgical drainage of the infected area, monitoring for swelling closing the airway producing inability to breath, intravenous antibiotics and treatment of her diabetes, which was found to be uncontrolled.  The young woman was seriously ill.

Our patient was immediately taken to the procedure area where a surgery to open the infected area was performed.  That afternoon began our FAME team’s long journey with this patient, with the team working tirelessly to treat her infection and manage several life-threatening complications that arose during her treatment. 

And yes, it took a team to bring this patient safely through her illness.  From the FAME staff doctors caring for the patient around the clock, to the volunteer doctors with expertise in diabetes care, infection treatment, surgical wound management and skin grafting, to Dr. Frank working with the anesthetists to find the best procedural sedation for this complicated patient, to our nurse/architect Nancy who suggested and acquired a high protein tube feeding supplement made from ground legumes used to improve wound healing, to the nurses who monitored and cared for the patient 24/7, to all the FAME support staffs, etc., etc.  

Five weeks after her arrival at FAME the young woman returned home, having survived an illness to which she likely would have succumbed had she not arrived at FAME on that Saturday afternoon and had the FAME team not been there with the facilities, equipment and expertise to save another life.

The drilling team flushing out the new pipe for our second borehole

In early May, we were able to complete the drilling of a second borehole on the FAME campus. The manual work was not easy after Tanzania experienced an uncharacteristically heavy rainy season this year. The muddy aftermath of the rains meant that the drilling team was working in difficult and challenging conditions. It took nearly two full days of drilling to hit a strong and reliable source of fresh water at 170 meters deep. According to the technicians and experts on site, the borehole should produce between 30,000 liters to 40,000 liters per hour. With both boreholes operational, we will be able to pump the water between the two sources. This solution will decrease the daily demand on the current borehole water and will provide a back-up solution in case of an emergency such as a failed pump or a drained aquifer. Overall, the drilling of this new borehole adds a vital layer of security to the FAME water supply for the entire hospital and all of our patients, and we are grateful to the very special supporters who saw the need and made this possible.

This June, we welcomed Dr. Kelly Shine to the FAME team as a part of a new partnership with Creighton University and their Global Surgery Fellowship Program.  Dr. Kelly comes to us after having practiced general surgery on the East Coast for 15 years. She graduated from the Yale University School of Medicine and completed her residency at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center. She has experience in general surgery, vascular surgery, and acute care surgery. 

When asked about her fellowship, she responded that the program is about "more than me." Creighton's goal with the Global Surgery Fellowship is to build relationships with hospitals abroad that may need resources that Creighton can provide. There is a particular emphasis on bidirectional learning through the fellowship. The idea is that both sides of the partnership will be able to enhance their knowledge and skills. Kelly mentioned that practicing here at FAME has already helped her revisit certain skill sets she doesn't use as often in the states. She also mentioned that she's seeing many cases that she wouldn't see in the US in her specialty, such as rabies or shoulder dislocations, as doctors who do surgery in rural Africa typically function as generalists as well. Through this program of partnership, Creighton has a vision of building ongoing relationships and, ideally, creating a foundation for the fellows to pursue a career in global surgery. 

A new program at Creighton, Kelly is the first fellow to participate in the Global Surgery Fellowship. She'll be spending a full year at FAME as a general surgeon, partnering with our doctors to teach them crucial components of general surgery and learning how to practice medicine in developing countries. She mentioned that when she's in the operating room, she’s not necessarily the one always doing the surgery. She said, "it's not for me to just do, it's for me to teach." In line with FAMEs mission of building local capacity, Kelly’s goal is to leave a substantially strengthened surgical team behind when she moves on.

In addition to building surgical capacity within our team, Kelly has already helped to put systems in place that have enabled us to shift where surgery patients are recovered. With new monitors now in place and nurse anesthetists and ward nurses working more closely together, Dr. Kelly looks forward to using our hospital’s Recovery Room more efficiently and consistently for post-op patients. We are so excited to see all that Dr. Kelly and our team accomplish together in the year ahead! To learn more about the Creighton Global Surgery Fellowship Program, visit Creighton's website.